EPIGENETIC BASIS OF HUMAN DISEASES
Original article: Gene-Environmant Interactions and Epigenetic Basis of Human Diseases.
Published by: Liang Lui, Yuanyuan Li and Trygve O. Tollefsbol
Published in: Current issues in molecular biology.
Loss or gain in gene function is a major phenomenon which leads to human diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms effect gene deregulation resulting in human diseases.
Histone modification is a process that is involved in Chromatin remodeling, which is a phenomenon that helps facilitate transcription. Aberrancies in chromatin remodeling are found to be associated with both genetically and environmentally related diseases.
Complex human diseases like Cancer and Type 2 Diabetes have been found to have environmental component, affecting DNA methylation patters, in addition to genetic causes.
Many imprinted genes are found to be involved in regulation of growth and metabolism. Disruption in function of these imprinted genes in developmental syndromes, have been found to display features of Diabetes and Obesity. The expression of these genes is controlled by epigenetic mechanisms.
Another instance where environment influences epigenetic factors, is in the mechanism of Adipogenesis, which refers to the formation of adipocytes. The activity of adipogenic genes like transcript1 (apM 1), glucose transporter (Glut4) and glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpd1) are found to be regulated by epigenetics.
Dietary components such as Folic acid and Choline can interact with biological DNA methylation process. Nutritional imbalance can lead to DNA methylation aberrancies which affect the activities of adipogenic genes facilitating the development of Obesity and other Metabolic syndromes.
Thus, epigenetic mechanisms that modulate gene activity during development is found to be influenced by the environment.
Posted by: Mariska Miranda
Published by: Liang Lui, Yuanyuan Li and Trygve O. Tollefsbol
Published in: Current issues in molecular biology.
Loss or gain in gene function is a major phenomenon which leads to human diseases. Epigenetic mechanisms effect gene deregulation resulting in human diseases.
Histone modification is a process that is involved in Chromatin remodeling, which is a phenomenon that helps facilitate transcription. Aberrancies in chromatin remodeling are found to be associated with both genetically and environmentally related diseases.
Complex human diseases like Cancer and Type 2 Diabetes have been found to have environmental component, affecting DNA methylation patters, in addition to genetic causes.
Many imprinted genes are found to be involved in regulation of growth and metabolism. Disruption in function of these imprinted genes in developmental syndromes, have been found to display features of Diabetes and Obesity. The expression of these genes is controlled by epigenetic mechanisms.
Another instance where environment influences epigenetic factors, is in the mechanism of Adipogenesis, which refers to the formation of adipocytes. The activity of adipogenic genes like transcript1 (apM 1), glucose transporter (Glut4) and glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpd1) are found to be regulated by epigenetics.
Dietary components such as Folic acid and Choline can interact with biological DNA methylation process. Nutritional imbalance can lead to DNA methylation aberrancies which affect the activities of adipogenic genes facilitating the development of Obesity and other Metabolic syndromes.
Thus, epigenetic mechanisms that modulate gene activity during development is found to be influenced by the environment.
Posted by: Mariska Miranda
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